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Silkworm Races The trend of sericulture development in India clearly depicts a quantum jump in mulberry silk production during the last three decades. Renditta in 1960 was as high as 16-17, which came down to 7-8 in 2006. This was possible mainly because of advancement and improvement in mulberry genotypes and cultivation practices. Till recently, India had no system of authorisation of silkworm hybrids, which caused undue delay in release of breeds / hybrids evolved by the breeders with great caution. This also deprived industry from the benefits of having wider choice of silkworm hybrids for commercial exploitation. Centrak Silk Board (CSB) has brought out a system of Auhorisation of silkworm races. The system involved 14 test centres spread in different regions of the country and test rearings are conducted twice in a year. Silkworm hybrids authorised by CSB for commercial exploitation and already in use are given in the following table.
Multivoltine x Bivoltine Silkworm HybridsIn India, over 95% of the commercial silk being produced is from Multivoltine female x Bivoltine male parent (cross breed) and the existing cross breed Pure Mysore x NB18 / NB4D2 has some limitation specially lower shell wt. high renditta, low cocoon shell ratio and poor fibre quality In order to overcome the limitations of PM x NB4D2, new hybrids involving multivoltine breeds have been evolved. BL23 x NB4D2 hybrid is meant for rainfed areas. In these areas, at present multivoltine hybrid PM x C.Nichi is being reared by the farmers which is very poor in quantitative and qualitative traits.This hybrid is developed by CSR&TI, Mysore. PM x CSR2 hybrid is meant for irrigated areas in all the seasons and is superior over the existing hybrid in yield, cocoon wt., Shell wt., SR%,filament length, raw silk %, neatness and renditta.
KSSRDI, BangaloreKSO1 x PS2 and SP2 x KSO1 hybrids are developed by KSSRDI, Bangalore. They have better hybrid vigour, robustness and productivity. Those hybrids can tolerate higher temperature and thus can be reared during unfavourable seasons also. This new hybrid can be reared by an average cross breed farmer and can realize better cocoon yield and returns.
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