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Silkworm Races
The trend of sericulture development
in India clearly depicts a quantum jump in mulberry silk production
during the last three decades. Renditta (Quantity of Silk Cocoons
required to produce 1 Kg of raw silk) in 1960 was as high as
16-17, which came down to 6-7 in 2010. This was possible mainly
because of advancement and improvement in mulberry genotypes and
cultivation practices.
Till recently, India had no system of
authorisation of silkworm hybrids, which caused undue delay in
release of breeds / hybrids evolved by the breeders with great
caution. This also deprived industry from the benefits of having
wider choice of silkworm hybrids for commercial exploitation.
Centrak Silk Board (CSB) has brought
out a system of Auhorisation of silkworm races. The system involved
14 test centres spread in different regions of the country and test
rearings are conducted twice in a year. Popular silkworm hybrids authorised
by CSB for commercial exploitation and already in use are given in
the following table.
|
Sl.No |
Hybrids |
Combinations |
Season |
States /
Region |
|
1 |
P2D1 x NB18 |
Mv x Bv |
Winter
Spring
Summer/ Early autumn |
A.P
W,B,
Assam, Bihar, Orissa, Jharkhand,
M.P,
Chattisgarh,
U.P,
Uttaranchal |
|
2 |
MY1 x NB18 |
Mv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
W.B,
Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa , M.P |
|
3 |
N x (NB18 x P5) |
Mv x Bv |
Autumn
Summer/ Autumn |
W.B,
Assam, Bihar
Orissa,
M.P, Chattisgarh |
|
4 |
PM x NB18 |
Mv X Bv |
Summer |
Assam,
Bihar, Orissa, M.P |
|
5 |
RD1 x NB18 |
Mv X Bv |
Summer /
E. Winter |
U.P,
Uttarnchal |
|
6 |
BL23 x NB4D2 |
Mv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
Rainfed
Areas of Tropics |
|
7 |
BL24 x NB4D2 |
Mv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
Irrigated
areas of Tropics |
|
8 |
SH6 x KA |
Bv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn Spring / Winter |
W.B,
Assam, Bihar, Orissa, M.P |
|
9 |
SH6 x NB4D2 |
Bv x Bv |
Spring |
U.P,
Uttaranchal, J & K |
|
10 |
CA2 x NB4D2 |
Bv x Bv |
Sring
Spring / Autumn/
E. Winter |
W.B,
Assam, Bihar
Jharkhand,
Orissa, M.P, Chattisgarh |
|
11 |
NB18 x P5 |
Bv x Bv |
Winter |
Assam,
Bihar, Orissa, M.P |
|
12 |
YS3 x SF19 |
Bv x Bv |
Spring |
J&K, U.P,
Uttarnchal |
|
13 |
PAM101 x NB4D2 |
Bv x Bv |
Autumn / E.Winter |
J&K, U.P,
Uttaranchal |
|
14 |
CC1 x NB4D2 |
Bv x Bv |
Autumn / E.Winter |
J&K, U.P,
Uttaranchal |
|
15 |
PAM111 x SF19 |
Bv x Bv |
Autumn / E.Winter |
J&K, U.P |
|
16 |
CSR12 x CSR6 |
Bv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
Temperate
& Tropical Zones |
|
17 |
CSR18 x CSR19 |
Bv x Bv |
Autumn |
Temperate
& Tropical Zones |
|
18 |
CSR16 x CSR17 |
Bv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
Temperate
& tropical Zones |
|
19 |
CSR3 x CSR6 |
Bv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
Temperate
& Tropical Zones |
|
20 |
CSR2 x CSR4 |
Bv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
Temperate
& Sub-tropical zones |
|
21 |
CSR2 x CSR5 |
Bv x Bv |
Sring / Autumn |
Temperate
& Tropical Zones |
|
22 |
KS01 x SP2 |
Bv x Bv |
Spring |
Temperate
Zone |
|
23 |
SKUAST-1 x SKUAST-6 |
Bv x Bv |
Spring |
Temperate
Zone |
|
24 |
APS5 x APS4 |
Bv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
Temperate
& Tropical zones |
|
25 |
APM1 x APS8 |
Mv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
Tropical
zone |
|
26 |
BL43 x NB4D2 |
Mv x Bv |
Spring / Autumn |
Tropical
zone |
Multivoltine x
Bivoltine Silkworm Hybrids
In India, over 95% of the commercial
silk being produced is from Multivoltine female x Bivoltine male
parent (cross breed) and the existing cross breed Pure Mysore x NB18
/ NB4D2 has some limitation specially lower shell wt. high renditta,
low cocoon shell ratio and poor fibre quality
In order to overcome the limitations
of PM x NB4D2, new hybrids involving multivoltine breeds have been
evolved.
PM x CSR2 hybrid is meant for
irrigated areas in all the seasons and is superior over the existing
hybrid in yield, cocoon wt., Shell wt., SR%,filament length, raw
silk %, neatness and renditta.
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